Poll reveals pessimism about a possible new government shutdown 1:04

(CNN) -- Just days before the U.S. government runs out of funds, the Senate introduced a bipartisan bill to prevent the shutdown, but there is no guarantee it will pass the House of Representatives, as a bloc of conservatives opposes the prospect of a short-term funding extension.

The Senate bill would keep government funding through Nov. 17 and includes $6.200 billion in aid to Ukraine. The addition of funding for Ukraine could further exacerbate tensions with the House of Representatives, as many conservative Republicans oppose sending more aid to the war-torn country. The bill also includes $6 billion for natural catastrophes.

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Schumer said Tuesday: "We will continue to fund the government at current levels, maintaining our commitment to Ukraine's security and humanitarian needs, while ensuring that those affected by natural disasters across the country begin to receive the resources they need."

However, House Speaker Kevin McCarthy told reporters that funding for Ukraine should not be included in a short-term spending package, and instead there should be a stand-alone bill.

"Would I be in the CR? My answer would be no, that it should be treated in a supplement," the California Republican said, referring to a continuing resolution, or CR, which would be a short-term funding patch.

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"I don't quite understand that when all these people talk across the country about the challenges that are in the United States today, people say, 'We have to go to Ukraine and ignore what's happening at our border.' I think that would be the wrong approach," he said.

McCarthy has not commented on whether he will introduce a bipartisan Senate-approved stopgap measure to avert the shutdown this week.

Now that the Senate has unveiled its own stopgap measure, the chamber will still have to pass it before it can be sent to the House of Representatives and any senator can delay its passage under strict time constraints.

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McCarthy faces a test of leadership in the House of Representatives

Meanwhile, in the absence of GOP votes to pass a stopgap bill, McCarthy turns his attention earlier in the week to an effort to advance a number of spending bills, including those from the Defense and Homeland Security departments.

Passage of these bills won't prevent a shutdown by the end of the week, but with conservatives demanding passage of funding bills for the entire year, McCarthy was hopeful that the push for the measures could get enough opponents to support a Republican stopgap bill. However, it's not clear that even those bills can move forward amid deep divisions within the House Republican conference.

McCarthy is expected to face another test of his leadership on Tuesday, as House GOP leaders indicated they plan to hold a procedural vote on a rule to advance those measures. The expected vote comes after hardliners last week thwarted a similar procedural vote on a defense bill, embarrassing House GOP leaders. All eyes will be on the House to see if the show is repeated.

On Tuesday, McCarthy again lashed out at hardliners who opposed the party last week and failed to support a procedural motion to move forward. Asked if he was confident they would fall in line this week, he criticized their efforts as counterproductive. "I don't understand why anyone would block the ability to secure the border, if they want to be with President Biden by keeping the border open I think that would be the wrong position."

McCarthy indicated that if the House is able to pass the series of spending bills he lined up for consideration this week, then he would put a stopgap measure on the floor that includes border provisions.

"If we get past these four projects, that would be 72% of all discretionary spending. I would also introduce this week an interim resolution protecting our border," he told reporters.

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McCarthy continued to insist that a government shutdown is the worst possible option and warned his conference of the dangers of such a strategy. "I don't think closures will ever help," he said.

The Senate is set to hold an initial procedural vote Tuesday afternoon to advance the Federal Aviation Administration reauthorization bill passed by the House of Representatives, which could be used as a legislative vehicle for the Senate's version of a stopgap bill to avert a shutdown.

The extension of interim funding could be included in the FAA bill, as the FAA's current authority to operate will expire at the end of September, creating another imminent deadline for lawmakers to act.

A closure would have major repercussions throughout the country. If that were to happen, many government operations would grind to a halt, while some services deemed "essential" would continue.

Government operations and services that continue during a shutdown are activities deemed necessary to protect public safety and national security or deemed critical for other reasons. Some examples of services that continued during previous closures are border protection, federal law enforcement, and air traffic control.

The White House on Tuesday underscored the "detrimental consequences" of a shutdown that would undermine national security, noting the 1.3 million active-duty military personnel who would not be paid until the closure and suspension of civilian Defense Department employees ended.

CNN's Manu Raju and Lauren Fox contributed to this report.

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