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Earlier this month, the G20 Leaders' Summit (G<>) was held in New Delhi, India, which was the highlight of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The Hindu leader, who was indicted by U.S. human rights groups for provoking genocide against Muslims in Gujarat when he was Gujarat's chief minister, smiles and poses for photos with leaders of major world countries, including Biden, at the summit. Modi, who faces elections at home soon, especially needs such a summit to show that only under his leadership and his party can India be led to the heart of the world.
However, it soon became clear that the leader of one important country did not show up at the summit: Chinese President Xi Jinping. Xi sent his loyal aide, Prime Minister Li Qiang, to the meeting, which Chinese leaders had never missed before the G20 leaders' meeting. The Chinese government has always attached great importance to multilateral summits such as the G20, and often use them as a platform to promote China's diplomatic ideas and ideas, and many people remember the grand scene when Xi Jinping presided over the G2016 summit in Hangzhou in September 9. Xi's absence is particularly perverse given that China and India are each other's most important neighbors and are both BRICS and SCO members.
At first, Western media analyzed that Xi may not be able to attend the meeting for health reasons, and there was also speculation that something had happened in China's domestic politics, forcing Xi to stay in the country to deal with more difficult internal issues. All these rumors were dispelled as Mr. Xi appeared in northeast China at the same time as the summit, where he visited the disaster zone and presided over a conference on the revitalization of northeast China attended by the country's central authorities and several provinces and cities. It is only then that people are beginning to realize that Xi Jinping is trying to show his attitude towards the summit by lowering the size of Chinese participation, and perhaps to some extent, towards Modi and the Biden administration.
At the summit, U.S. President Joe Biden announced that the United States, India, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and the European Union have reached an intention to cooperate on a rail and shipping project. The project, which will better connect the United States, Europe, the Middle East and India, will be funded by the EU's EU-Initiative Global Gateway, through which the EU is expected to invest 3000 billion euros in infrastructure in emerging and developing countries over the next few years.
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen called the agreement "historic" and would speed up trade between India and Europe by 40 percent by <> percent by creating the most direct connection between India, the Persian Gulf and Europe to date. U.S. President Joe Biden also called the project "ein historischer Wirtschaftskorridor" (historic economic corridor).
Jake Sullivan, Biden's national security adviser, said the project is designed to boost growth in several key regions of the world. Integration across the Middle East should also be improved – including "several unlikely partners" in the region, which would provide excellent opportunities for the Middle East to play a key role in global trade, digital communications and energy.
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The G20 Summit was held in New Delhi, India, with a number of G7 and BRICS leaders. （REUTERS）
The Axios news website in the United States made no secret that the project originated as an initiative in Washington to curb Chinese influence in the Middle East. While the economic corridor is known to have little chance of success, the US, India, the European Union and others launched the project at the G20 summit and unabashedly touted it as a competition with China's One Belt, One Road.
In addition, India has also made the debt relief of developing countries one of the themes of this G20 summit, cooperating with the United States to create problems for China. Because of China's "One Belt, One Road" and operations in Africa, the United States and the West have been falsely called "neo-colonialism", accusing China of creating debt traps for these countries. In particular, the United States has been demanding that China forgive its debts to these countries and make China pay economic losses, but it is a good person on the moral high ground to win people's hearts.
These rivalries, or intrigues between countries, have often occurred in the past, as well as between other countries. But today is different from the past, and it is even more different between China, the United States and India.
Modi's visit to the United States: During Modi's visit to the United States in June, many large American companies said they planned to set up factories in India. （REUTERS）
In June 2023, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited the United States. Around this time, some US media noticed that many other large companies in the United States, including Tesla, Amazon, Micron Technology, General Electric (GE), etc., have announced plans to invest in India. Official Indian data shows that the United States is now India's third-largest source of foreign investment, and logos of American companies can be seen everywhere in India's large cities of Bangalore and Chennai.
In the decades before that, China was the first choice for these American giants to build factories overseas. In order to suppress and contain China, the United States is actively promoting friendly outsourcing, and India has also taken the opportunity to dig into the corner of China's economy.
Earlier this month, U.S. President Joe Biden, who arrived in New Delhi for the summit, met with Modi. After the meeting, the two countries reaffirmed their commitment to strengthen cooperation in a range of areas including trade, key and emerging technologies such as chips and quantum, supply chains, nuclear and renewable energy, and education, in addition to the close and enduring partnership between India and the United States. The two sides also reaffirmed their commitment to deepen and diversify major India-U.S. defense partnerships by expanding cooperation in new and emerging areas such as space and artificial intelligence, as well as accelerating defense industry cooperation.
The statement also mentioned that the United States will invest about $3 million to expand its research and development operations in India. The two countries have also established two joint working groups focusing on cooperation in the field of Open Radio Access Networks (Open RAN) and research and development of 5G/6G technologies. The United States has been pushing hard for such a framework to replace equipment from China's telecommunications giant Huawei.
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Trade, chips, quantum computing, artificial intelligence, 5G supply chain and space, defense security, etc., are the key areas of Sino-US competition in recent years, and also the key areas in which the United States blocks and suppresses China. While the United States is suppressing China, it is strengthening cooperation with India in these key areas.
The game between China, the United States and India is not only in the above-mentioned economic and technological fields, but also in the abstract level of international political influence. In recent years, as the United States has intensified its strategic competition with China, the game between China and the United States around the "Global South" has become more prominent, making the issue more complex and interesting, and India has recently been involved.
The US media claimed that "with India's rapid economic growth and the West's search for allies to balance China, India's position is also of key significance."
"Global South" mainly refers to developing countries in Asia, Africa, Latin America and other regions, while "Global North" is synonymous with developed countries. China and India are both developing country members, especially China, which has essentially played a leading role in the Global South for many years. For China, the question of whether it is a member of the "Global South" involves China's "national identity" and is crucial.
Although China is the world's second-largest economy, it is still a developing country by many indicators, and China emphasizes that it is an ex officio member of the "Global South". The average GDP of Chinese is just over $1,2, which is only 1/5 of that of developed economies and 16.6% of that of the United States, ranking more than 60th in the world. China ranks more than 70th in the United Nations Human Development Index.
However, in recent years, the United States has pushed for the elimination of China's developing country status while working with allies to expand its influence in the "Global South" in an attempt to distinguish between China and the "Global South." In March 2023, the U.S. House of Representatives passed the PRC is Not A Developing Country Act. In June of the same year, the U.S. Senate also passed the Ending China's Developing Nation Status Act, which requires the U.S. executive branch to develop a plan to end China's status as a developing country in many international organizations.
The topic of the Global South is hot, and a roundtable forum entitled "Development Issues in the Global South and China's Modernization" was held Chinese mainland Culture Magazine. (Cultural Perspective)
Former Finnish Prime Minister Alexander Stubb took the opportunity to argue that the future world order would be determined by the power triangle between the global West and the Global South, and the Global East made up of China, Russia, Iran, and others. Politically, China is being molded as a non-southern country.
The United States also wants to promote the leadership of countries such as India in the "Global South" to hedge China's influence in developing countries, and India has also actively welcomed the United States, hoping to seek leadership in the Global South by separating China from the "Global South". In January 2023, India invited more than 1 developing countries to participate in the Global Southern Voice Summit, and China was excluded.
Although India is still a long way from becoming a true power, as the US media put it, "even according to its own optimistic estimates, it will not become a developed country in the next few decades." India's diplomatic corps is not as large as some countries that are a fraction of its size. The Hindu nationalist agenda of the current government has also contributed to the continued instability of the domestic environment." But, with Western support, Modi has made no secret of his ambition to become a world-class leader.
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