On March 27, 2023, Goldman Sachs reported a study showing that

An estimated 300 million global workers are at risk of losing their jobs because of artificial intelligence.

Thirty-four years ago,

competitor

magazine published an article entitled

"5 Technologies and 76 Occupations"

by the author, a series of 11 articles looking at the role and impact of "5 technologies of the future" on human occupation.

At the turn of the twentieth century

with the twenty-first century

"Believe, Think, and Act Like Science"

Today, I would like to take readers to "look at" the essence of the Goldman Sachs report and

"update"

the latest

"5 technologies of the future"

that there is still substance. Benefit or not?

Bad news for 300 million jobs from Goldman Sachs!

Goldman Sachs is one of the world's largest financial institutions.

Headquartered in New York City.

Each report titled “The Potentially Large Effects of Artificial Intelligence on Economic Growth” focuses in particular on the impact of generative AI or generative artificial intelligence on work. There is no terminology in Thai yet, but today, the author would like to call it a transliteration as

Generate AI or Generative Artificial Intelligence.

Generative AI is the latest development of artificial intelligence that is being

“watched”

by various circles, both

“excited”

and

“worried”

because it is a potential artificial intelligence.

able to create new workpieces

from the input data.

Whether it's text, articles, pictures and creative works such as composing songs, poems, plays, computer code (computer code), computer games, videos, singing, acting as a "host" on radio and television.

Including the creation of academic works such as academic articles at the postgraduate level.

Scientific Academic Calibration

Professional exams such as law

Nowadays, there is a generic AI that is being opened to a large number of customers.

But one that is especially mentioned and “pointed” in the Goldman Sachs report is the

OpenAI

GTP

chat GTP

powered by Micro. Bill Gates' Soft, a generative AI, has done just that.

It is “the most advanced”

of all generative AI currently available.

Chat GTP was launched on November 30, 2022, reaching a record of one million views in five days and 100 million in two months, with the latest version, GPT-4. March 2023

According to Goldman Sachs, as a whole, generic AI puts 300 million global jobs at risk of displacement.

But the risk of being taken away by artificial intelligence

It's different in the type of work and economic status of the country.

The type of work that has the greatest risk of being taken from work is the

type of work that uses knowledge and skills from education and training.

which can be replaced by a computer

The least risky job

is

manual labor.

and specific experience

in care and maintenance

The five countries that Goldman Sachs points to the highest risk are

Hong Kong, Israel, Japan, Sweden and the United States.

5 countries identified as

The lowest risk is

mainland China, Nigeria, Vietnam, Kenya and India.


And what about European countries?

Although Europe does not rank among the top 5 most risky countries, overall, the United States and

Europe combined

are the countries most affected by artificial intelligence technology, with about two-thirds of the jobs available to them. current

It is at risk of being partially replaced, but about a quarter of it could be completely replaced by full artificial intelligence.

In this regard, there is in-depth information only in the United States into the 5 types of jobs with the highest risk.

Will be taken away by computer as follows:

(1) Office work

The highest risk is 46%


(2) legal work.

The second highest risk is 44%


(3) Architecture and engineering work 33%


(4) Life science, physical and social work 36%


(5) Business management and finance The top 5 highest risk is 35%.

on the contrary

For the United States, the lowest 1% of jobs displaced by computers are building cleaning jobs.

and maintenance work

Installation, maintenance and repair work

It was the second lowest risk job at 4%, with construction and extraction jobs ranking the third lowest risk at 6%.

Artificial intelligence is not only bad news!

Even though the Goldman Sachs report is famous around the world.

will be bad news

But there's also positive news about the role artificial intelligence plays in real people's careers.

According to Goldman Sachs, although artificial intelligence technology

will cause jobs that are done by real people to shrink, but at the same time

From the recent development history of new technologies, artificial intelligence technology will bring about 2

“good things”

for human work.


One

is to create new jobs for human beings who must be

"people"

, making new technologies work more efficiently.

The second

is to give

“humans”

more

“time”

to work on creating new things.

come up concretely

As reported by Goldman Sachs, artificial intelligence replaces humans.

It will increase productivity and work efficiency, which may result in GDP (GDP) or Gross World Product.

increasing about 7% per year for ten years

5 technologies of the future with 76 jobs!

In 1970,

Alvin Toffler

published a book called Future Shock and made the whole world

Both scared and panicked at the words

“Future Shock”

Alvin Toffler defined future shock as

"Feelings"

of human beings who have to face

“Change too much and too quickly.

until human beings are unable to prepare themselves in time.”

The root cause of the future shock, according to Alvin Toffler, is the rapid advancement of technology playing a role in every area of ​​human life.

After reading Future Shock, the author expanded his academic interests.

(that is pure science) to include the role and impact of science and technology on human beings.

The author was given a question by answering a question in a magazine.

on radio and television programs in special lectures

Specify the technology that the author sees.

will have a special role and impact on humans in the future

During the transition into the twenty-first century

The results that the author summarizes as

"5 technologies of the future"

and has written a long series of 11 articles in the column

"to the future with technology"

of the

"Competitor"

magazine , totaling 11 issues, from the March 1989 issue until the end. set

Which Media Focus Publishing has published as a book in the original name from the magazine, namely

"5 technologies and 76 occupations",

first published in March 1991.

5 technologies that the author has compiled, analyzed and synthesized

By setting a time frame in the future for about 10-20 years ahead (from the year 1989 or 1989 that started writing), which means

The transition period into the twenty-first century

and about 10 years later in the early twenty-first century

In writing the series of articles “5 Technologies and 76 Occupations”, the author chose to mention roles.

and the impact of technology on human “careers”.

The author analyzed it as both

"bad news"

and

"good news"

of technology towards careers.

5 What are the technologies of the future?

(1) Computers and Electronics


(2) Computer Robotics


(3) Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering


(4) Materials Science


(5) Lasers

In connection with our story today

which is about the impact of artificial intelligence technology on careers

The author would like to raise the author's conclusions in 5 technologies and 76 careers to mention only in the part of computer technology that

This is bad news for 10 occupations such as clerks, typists, office workers, lawyers, etc.

As for the

good news

that the author mentioned, there are 13 occupations such as information sales occupations, artificial intelligence system specialists, computer crime specialists, etc.


Already in the number of 76 occupations mentioned by the author

It's bad news - good news.

How much or less?

The answer is bad news 25 jobs, good news 51 jobs.

5 technologies and 76 jobs updated!

From the year 1989 to the present, 2023, 34 years have passed!

In the column "For The Future"

Journal of Research and Innovation Community

The January-March 2021 issue of

the Office of Science, Research and Innovation (TSRI)

was about two years ago.

Published the author's article titled

"5 Future Technology Updates"

to explore what the author "looked at" 32 years ago.



The conclusion that the author sees is all 5 technologies that the author has mentioned.

Has played a role and is still

"important"

to this day

and the foreseeable future, to the middle of the twenty-first century.

From 5 technologies and 76 occupations to artificial intelligence technology that threatens 300 million workers!

A relevant, meaningful comparison of

"5 technologies and 76 occupations"

with the Goldman Sachs report is the role and impact of computer technology and artificial intelligence.

By Goldman Sachs, focusing on Generative Artificial Intelligence, the five technologies and 76 occupations are Computing and Artificial Intelligence as a whole.

The effects that the authors consider threatened (i.e. “bad news” for 5 technologies and 76 jobs) were largely “yet” in line with the Goldman Sachs report, for example, the jobs most threatened were jobs. Administrative and accounting (financial) and there are also legal jobs, i.e. the profession of a lawyer.

But the different part is that in the Goldman Sachs report, there is a part to include the

"number of jobs"

i.e.

"the number of people"

who are at risk of being replaced by generative artificial intelligence.

And it's the part that is "highlighted" as news around the world.

While the

"good news"

portion of the report, such as artificial intelligence that will boost global economic growth by around 7% annually, was not

"highlighted"

in the reports.

Bill Gates

Responding to the Goldman Sachs report and Elon Musk and Bill Gates' opposite positions



on scientists and artificial intelligence experts.

Most listened carefully to the Goldman Sachs report because of its credibility,



but there were also comments that

"warned"

the audience.

"Don't panic"

too much or "deny" outright.


Elon Musk,

 co-founder of OpenAI

but has withdrawn from open AI

show anxiety

about the undesirable effects of new generation of artificial intelligence technology

especially generic AI

On March 22, 2023,

Elon Musk 

issued an open letter

"Pause Giant AI Experiment"

from his "Future Of Life Institute" calling It urges AI developers to halt development of next-generation artificial intelligence technologies, such as generic AI, for six months.

To be mindful and create measures to prevent the adverse effects of artificial intelligence technology as much as possible first.

Elon Musk said this open letter was initially

Voluntarily requesting cooperation from developers of artificial intelligence technology

But if that doesn't work, Elon Musk offers a "strong drug" for the government to formally enforce measures



until April 11, 2023. The open letter has already been signed.

more than fifty thousand names

Elon Musk

But in contrast to

Elon Musk  ,

Bill Gates

is

the current big supporter of OpenAI.

and is becoming an important voice

Supporting the development of generative AI


Bill Gates

told Reuters on April 3, 2023, opposing calls for a six-month halt to the development of artificial intelligence technology, saying it was unreasonable and impractical.

For most developers of artificial intelligence technology

has the same stance on the open letter as Bill Gates.


Are you the reader?

What do you think of the Goldman Sachs report?



For the position of Elon Musk and Bill Gates, who do the readers agree with more?