From the first days of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation, it was clear that the enemy would attack not only military facilities, but also target peaceful infrastructure and civilians.

Thus, the lives of Ukrainians have been under constant threat for more than 10 months.

To significantly increase the chances of its preservation, you need to follow a number of rules of conduct and advice.

TSN.ua

 within the framework of the implementation of the Civil Protection Program implemented by the Eastern Europe Fund in partnership with Hala Systems Inc.

at the expense of the European Union, collected useful tips on how to survive in the conditions of threats of a military nature.

Of course, the best and most effective will be to leave the country or regions where there are active hostilities.

However, if this is not possible, then you must strictly follow certain rules of conduct - prepare an "alarm suitcase" and your home in advance, do not neglect air alarms and go down to the shelter during them.

Airborne alarm notification and siren action algorithm

The rule of thumb these days is to always keep your alarm notifications turned on.

The system will warn you of any danger.

The algorithm of actions in the event of an air alarm is simple - go to the shelter.

For this, it is better to find shelter addresses in advance near the places where you are most often.

You can also write down the addresses of 2-3 shelters closest to you in case the first one you come to is full.

How to prepare a shelter

Since there is a war in Ukraine, air alert and danger can last not just one hour, but in the case of man-made disasters, several days.

This means that the shelter must be prepared for a long stay there.

Most often, people hide in the basements of houses, as this is the closest place where they can wait out the danger.

Therefore, it is important to take care of its arrangement in advance.

To do this, get together with your neighbors, check the basement of your house, clean there, stock up on food and essentials. 

What should be in the shelter:

• drinking water (at the rate of 1.5-2 liters per day per person);

• insulation - sleeping bags, blankets, sleeping bags and blankets;

• food for long-term storage - canned goods, snacks, dried fruits;

• first aid kit and hygiene products;

• lighting - flashlights, candles, etc.

Experts also advise stocking up on everything you need at home and in case of evacuation or staying in a shelter for several days, put together an "anxiety suitcase".

The list of the minimum set of things that every Ukrainian should have includes:

• drinking water (at the rate of 1.5-2 liters per day per person) and technical water (for cooking and hygiene 10-12 liters per day per person);

• insulation - sleeping bags, blankets, sleeping bags, blankets and warm things;

• food for long-term storage - canned meat and fish, snacks, galettes, dried fruits, high-calorie sweets (dark chocolate with nuts, a handful of lollipops), pearl barley, buckwheat, long-grain rice, pasta, vermicelli, dry vegetable semi-finished products;

• first aid kit;

• hygiene products and antiseptic and disinfectant products;

• lighting and recharging – flashlights, candles, batteries, power banks, etc.;

• means of communication - radio receiver, charged phones

It is also worth noting that the minimum number of days for which you should stock up on food and water is three.

"Anxious suitcase": how to pack and what to put

An "anxiety or emergency suitcase" is a basic set of things for survival in extreme or military situations until the arrival of rescuers or for safe evacuation from an emergency area, for example, for shelter during a shelling or missile attack, when there is no water, food, heat, a roof over your head.

Contents:

the necessary minimum of clothing, hygiene items, medicines, personal protective equipment and food.

It is worth noting that survival experts advise against camouflage color, because with such a backpack you can be mistaken for a combatant, military, and not a civilian. 

The list of things that rescuers advise to put in the "anxiety suitcase":

• Copies of important documents in polyethylene packaging.

  Make copies of all important documents in advance - passport, car license, real estate documents, car, etc.

  Documents should be arranged in such a way that, in case of need, they can be quickly retrieved.

  In some sources, it is recommended to keep several photos of relatives and friends among the documents.

• Credit cards and cash.

  Have a small supply of money.

• A map of the area, possibly a compass, a wristwatch, as well as information about the method of communication and the agreed meeting place of your family.

• Hygiene products: a toothbrush and toothpaste, a small piece of soap, a towel (there are some in the package, pressed), toilet paper, several packages of disposable dry and wet wipes, several handkerchiefs, intimate hygiene products, a razor, a manicure set.

• Means of communication and information (small radio receiver) and power elements for the radio receiver (if needed).

• A flashlight (preferably several) and spare power supplies for it, matches (preferably travel ones), a lighter, candles.

• A multi-functional tool that includes a knife blade, an awl, a saw, a screwdriver, scissors, and more. 

• A knife, an ax, signaling devices (whistle, fake fire, etc.).

• Several garbage bags with a volume of 120 liters.

  Can replace a tent or awning if cut.

• A roll of wide tape.

• Condom packaging.

  A condom, if necessary, can be used to protect matches and lighters from moisture, as a tourniquet to stop bleeding, to securely seal containers from insects and sand, and to carry water.

• Notebook and pencil, threads and needles.

• First aid kit.

  According to the advice of the State Emergency Service, it must include: bandages, adhesive plaster, cotton wool, iodine, activated carbon (intoxication), paracetamol (antipyretic), pain reliever, for diarrhea, stomach infection, eye drops, tourniquet, syringes, etc.;

  medicines you take (at least once a week), with a description of the method of application and dosage;

  recipes;

  surnames and mobile phones of your doctors (keep an eye on the expiration date of medicines).

• Clothing: set of underwear (2 pairs), cotton (2 pairs) and woolen socks, spare pants, shirt or jacket, raincoat, knitted cap, gloves, scarf (may be needed in the most unexpected situations), comfortable, reliable shoes .

• Polyurethane mat or caremat, sleeping bag and mini-mat (if space allows).

• Utensils (preferably metal): kettle, flask, spoon, mug.

• Gas burner, gas cylinder or dry alcohol.

• A supply of food for several days - everything that can be eaten without preliminary processing and does not take up much space, is stored for a long time (non-perishable), for example: high-calorie sweets (dark chocolate with nuts, a handful of lollipops), a set of products (stew, galettes, soup packets , canned meat and fish), if space allows - pearl barley, buckwheat, long-grain rice, pasta, vermicelli, dry vegetable semi-finished products, vodka, potable alcohol.

• A supply of drinking water for 1-2 days, which must be updated periodically (it must not be stagnant).

Checklist and useful tips for preparing an "anxiety suitcase"

It is important to collect the "anxiety suitcase" in advance and put it in a convenient place so that in case of danger there is a possibility of very quick access to it.

In addition, as survival expert Serhii Vishnevskyi advises,

you need to put things that have been tested in practice into the

That is, those that you have already used, and not brought in packaging from the store (this rule does not apply to food).

as an "alarm suitcase"

, because it is convenient to move around with it, it does not restrict movement, and you have free hands.

As for stacking things, they are advised to stack them in such a way as to distribute the weight evenly.

It is good to have a backpack with a "basement" (bottom flap).

The heaviest things should be placed on the bottom, sharp objects or objects with sharp corners should be placed so that they do not touch the back.

Things that may be needed first should be placed in the outer pockets, and things that can be damaged or crushed should be placed on top.

Once again, we will remind you in general what must be in the "alarm suitcase":

hygiene products, alarm and lighting, equipment for cooking or heating water and food, food itself and water supplies, means of communication, navigation, documents, first aid kit , things for insulation and protection (warm clothes, sleeping bag, sleeping bag).

The total weight of

the "emergency suitcase", according to the recommendations of the State Emergency Service, should not exceed 50 kilograms.

But, as practice shows, for most people, especially women, this weight is very large.

Therefore, experts say that a shoulder bag should weigh no more than 25 kilograms.

War is a danger at every step, and a person cannot always react to the threat of enemy shelling or missile attack in time.

There is not always an opportunity or time to go to the shelter.

Therefore, it is also important to prepare your home for war.

Home preparation 

In order to prepare the home for threats and dangers in the conditions of war, rescuers advise:

• apply protective strips of tape (paper, fabric) on the window glass to increase its resistance to the blast wave and reduce the number of fragments and avoid injury in case of damage;

• if possible, equip a shelter in the basement, protect it with sandbags, provide for an emergency exit;

• if there is a plot of land, equip a shelter at a distance from the house that is greater than its height;

• provide the house with supplies of drinking and technical water, as well as make a stock of products for long-term storage;

• additionally equip the home first aid kit with first aid supplies;

• prepare flashlights (sets of spare batteries), kerosene lamps and candles in case of a power outage;

• prepare (purchase) appliances (compulsion) for cooking in the absence of gas and electricity;

• prepare the necessary things and documents in case of urgent evacuation or transfer to protective structures of civil defense or other storage facilities (basements, cellars, etc.);

• with the approach of the winter period, it is necessary to consider the issue of heating the house in case of disconnection of the centralized heating.

Rules of behavior of the population during the war

And perhaps, finally, the most important thing is to prepare yourself and your family to follow certain rules of behavior that will help you survive in times of danger.

And also to clearly study and remember that it is better not to do the opposite.

Required:

• keep personal calm, do not react to provocations;

• not to announce your future actions (plans) to people you don't know, as well as acquaintances with an unreliable reputation;

• always have with you a document (passport) certifying your identity, information about your blood group and that of your close relatives, possible health problems (allergy to medical drugs, etc.);

• to know the location of protective structures of civil defense near the place of residence, work, in frequently visited places (shops, bazaar, road to work, medical facilities, etc.).

  Without the need to try as little as possible to be outside the place of residence, work and in unfamiliar places;

• in the case of exiting the premises, moving up the stairs of multi-storey buildings or to the building of civil defense (storage), observe the rule of the right hand (as during the movement of road transport) in order to avoid crowding.

  Skip ahead and provide assistance to women, children, the elderly, and the disabled, which will significantly reduce the time it takes to occupy a shelter;

• avoid crowded places;

• in case of receiving any information from state authorities about a possible danger or measures to increase security, pass it on to other people (at the place of residence, work, etc.);

• in the event of the appearance of armed men, military equipment, riots, immediately leave the area;

• increase attention and, if possible, also leave the area in the event of the appearance of mass media of the aggressor party;

• about people who are not oriented to the area, speak with an accent, have an unusual appearance, perform illegal and provocative actions, perform incomprehensible work, etc. - immediately inform law enforcement agencies, local authorities, the military;

• in case of getting into the area of ​​shelling - hide in the nearest protective structure of civil defense, storage (shelter).

  In the absence of suitable shelters, use uneven terrain (ditches, trenches, depressions from explosions, etc.) for shelter.

  In the case of sudden shelling and there are no civil protection structures, shelters and shelters nearby, lie on the ground with your head in the direction opposite to the explosions.

  The head should be covered with hands (if available, use a suitcase or other items to cover the head).

  Do not leave the shelter until the end of the shelling;

• if you witnessed the injury or death of people, illegal actions against them (arrest, kidnapping, beating, etc.), you should try to find out and save as much information as possible about them and the circumstances of the event to provide assistance, search, identify, etc.

  It is necessary to remember that you yourself or people close to you may also find yourself in a difficult situation and will need help.

Not recommended:

• read news from dubious, unofficial, unverified sources;

• go to the windows if you hear shots;

• observe the course of hostilities;

• stand or run under fire;

• conflict with armed people;

• wear army uniform or camouflage clothing;

• display weapons or objects similar to them;

• pick up abandoned weapons and ammunition.

Read more about the rules of behavior in various emergency situations

Emergency Situations Service at the

.