Yuras Bushlyakov wrote about the word "search" and synonyms in 2004.
His perception of these words in the modern language was partly confirmed by time.
However, something should be added.
Search
Perhaps this is unexpected for modern Belarusian speakers, but the word
search
was a stable legal term in the Old Belarusian language:
ѡбыискъ вчинити
(read as
обыйск учинити
, Statute of the Central Government of 1566).
Monosyllabic:
seek
(including in the sense of "getting one's own" —
seek revenge
),
seek
.
According to etymologists, already in modern times the word
search
reappeared in the Belarusian language as a borrowing from Russian.
It was used by the classics of the interwar period (Kolas, Zaretskyi, Mriy - as a rule, in the gendarme-police sense), it was in the terminological dictionaries of the Institute of Belarusian Culture in the 1920s.
But the authoritative dictionary of S. Nekrashevich and M. Baikov does not include it among the equivalents of the Russian "search".
S. Nekrashevich, M. Baikov.
Russian-Belarusian dictionary.
Minsk: BDV, 1928
The reason is that over the centuries, the verb "to search" in the Belarusian language has been replaced by another - "to search".
The word "search" or "search" in some languages has only one specific meaning - "to look for a louse in the head" (although, in Polotsk languages, on the contrary, it is precisely "to search" for a louse, as Piotr Sadovsky testifies).
As a result, the word
search
was left without word-forming support.
Search
A relatively new word in the Belarusian language, it is not in dictionaries.
But it is used in the Internet space five times more often than
search
.
We will find it in the authors of the diaspora and in Karatkevich, it was recommended by the expert on language culture Ales Kaurus.
True,
obshuk
looks like a tracing from
obysk
, where the root is replaced by the one familiar to modern languages.
At the same time, the verb
to search
is old, widely used, recorded in dictionaries.
Therefore, the word
search
is not perceived as foreign.
About the nuances of its meaning in today's living language - the observation of Sergey Dubauts, who reread many documentary evidences about the events of 2020:
It is interesting how organically the Belarusian language developed the concepts of "search" and "search".
The first is personal, and the second is in an apartment, office or cell.
And in Russian only "search".
Consequences of the search in the editorial office of the newspaper "Nasha Niva"
And indeed: we would rather say "they searched him" about a person, but the room is being searched.
Search
To shake, to shake
are old folk verbs.
Their first meaning is constructional:
to shake the house
meant to rearrange, rebuild.
But long ago, and now mostly, they mean "to search, shaking and overturning everything":
They searched him, searched
all
his pockets, very carefully reviewed all the pieces of paper he had, took all the money
(Yakub Kolas)
After shaking the house, the attic, all the attics in it, they did not think to move the board
[behind which was the safe] in the hall (V. Adamchyk)
The corresponding noun in speech has the form
peretrus, peretruska, trus, truska, trýchy
(so in Tishka Gartny).
But the main option was
the search
.
It is recorded in the Polish-Belarusian dictionary by Ya. Volkova and V. Avilava (2005, official spelling), the English-Belarusian dictionary by V. Pashkevich (2006, classic spelling).
I think that the folk word
search
very vividly conveys the essence and physical characteristics of the ritual.
The frequency of use of the word
search
(as well as the word
grab
) has grown significantly in recent years.
What the folk characters of Sauk and Hryshka remind us of together with Levon Volsky:
We are always threatened
with arrest or search
in that strange country
called Belarus.
According to Google, the word
search
occurs 103,000 times in the Internet space — an order of magnitude more often than
search
.
Some readers of social networks even suggested
the search
as the "Belarusian word of the year" for 2021 and 2022.
But he was not chosen, and that's good.
After all, this word will definitely return to its niche - as an ordinary legal procedural term.
Secure communication
with our editors.
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"Belarusian with Vintsuk Vyachorka" is an author's column where evaluations and opinions do not necessarily reflect the position of the editors.
Vintsuk Vyachorka
Born in Brest in 1961. As a linguist, he studied the language of publications of Western Belarus during the interwar period, initiated the modern arrangement of Belarusian classical spelling, contributed Belarusian programs and reading books for preschool institutions.
An active participant in the national movement, starting with "Maistrovni" and "Talaki" in the 1980s.
Author and contributor of popular science texts and books, including about national symbols.
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