Physicians reminded that the elderly over 65 years old and patients with chronic diseases such as cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes or kidney disease should pay special attention to changes in blood pressure to prevent sudden death; the picture is a situational photo, and the people in the picture are not related to this article.

(The picture is taken from the shutterstock website)

[Health Channel/Comprehensive Report] When it’s cold, you need to be careful to prevent blood pressure from soaring, because high blood pressure is closely related to sudden death-related cerebral hemorrhage, aortic dissection, myocardial infarction, and even chronic renal failure. Doctor reminds, 65 Elderly people over the age of 10, and patients with chronic diseases such as cerebrovascular disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, or kidney disease should pay special attention to changes in blood pressure, and also provide 7 methods to prevent blood pressure from rising, so that you can celebrate the New Year safely.

Cai Diyu, chief physician of Cardiology Department of Jialing Health, pointed out that according to epidemiological studies, there is a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and even mortality in winter.

For example, American research points out that the number of patients with acute myocardial infarction is 53% higher in winter than in summer.

Although there are many factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in winter, the most important of these is the increase in blood pressure during winter.

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Cai Diyu pointed out that according to research in Asia, the average systolic blood pressure in winter is about 10mmHg higher than that in summer.

Outdoors, for every 10°C drop in temperature, systolic blood pressure increases by about 6.2 mmHg, and for every 10 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure, the mortality rate due to cardiovascular diseases in winter is 41% higher than that in summer, which shows that extra attention should be paid in winter Blood pressure changes.

Outdoors, every time the temperature drops by 10°C, the systolic blood pressure will increase by about 6.2 mmHg, and the systolic blood pressure will increase by 10mmHg, and the mortality rate caused by cardiovascular diseases in winter will be 41% higher than that in summer; The characters in this article have nothing to do with this article.

(The picture is taken from the shutterstock website)

3 factors affect blood pressure changes in winter

●Temperature

Cai Diyu pointed out that the decrease in temperature will lead to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the release of catecholamine (catecholamine), which will cause the heartbeat to increase and the peripheral blood vessels to contract, resulting in increased resistance, thus increasing blood pressure.

In addition, the activity of vascular endothelial cells will also change in winter. For example, the nitric oxide synthase (NO synthase) secreted by them that promotes vasodilation is more obvious when the temperature is high than when the temperature is low.

●Vitamin D

It is currently believed that vitamin D may inhibit the production of renin (Renin), which causes blood pressure to increase.

In winter, people receive less ultraviolet rays, so the production of vitamin D is also lower than in summer.

●Cholesterol and hormones

Cai Diyu pointed out that an interesting study shows that the concentration of total cholesterol in the blood will reach its peak in winter, and cholesterol will reduce the function of endothelial cells, thereby causing hardening of the arteries.

In addition, some studies have pointed out that some hormones related to vasoactivity and causing high blood pressure, such as: aldosterone (Aldosterone), norepinephrine (Norepinephrine), and renin (Renin) will increase by 59% and 19% respectively in winter compared with summer , and 17%.

Five types of people need to pay special attention to changes in blood pressure

Elderly people over 65 years old have poor thermoregulation ability and hardened blood vessels, especially those over 80 years old, the blood pressure changes caused by low temperature are the most obvious.

Patients with four chronic diseases such as cerebrovascular disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, or kidney disease should pay special attention to changes in blood pressure caused by weather changes in winter, especially Asians are particularly prone to complications due to increased blood pressure , so don't be careless.

7 ways to prevent blood pressure from rising too much

●Regular blood pressure measurement can detect abnormalities early

Cai Diyu said that the current monitoring of blood pressure is still based on the blood pressure measured at home.

There are two key points in measuring blood pressure at home. First, the cuff should be tied to the arm instead of the wrist; Blood pressure should be measured at least twice, with an interval of 1 minute, and the average value should be taken.

The current guidelines are that blood pressure exceeding 130/80 mmHg is considered high blood pressure. Even in winter, blood pressure rises unstable, at least it should be controlled within 140/90 mmHg to reduce the risk.

Develop the habit of measuring blood pressure and record it. If it exceeds 130/80mmHg, it is considered high blood pressure; schematic diagram.

(The picture is taken from the photoAC website)

●Maintain an appropriate indoor temperature.

In winter, if the cold snap hits and you need to turn on the heating, according to the US Department of Energy’s recommendation, set it at 20 degrees Celsius, which is a relatively comfortable and energy-saving temperature.

●Warm from head to toe outdoors.

●Maintain moderate exercise.

●Healthy diet

DASH diet can reduce systolic blood pressure by 6-11mmHg.

Develop healthy eating habits to help control blood pressure.

(The picture is taken from the photoAC website)

●Avoid excessive alcohol or coffee

Excessive drinking in winter will dissipate heat rapidly due to the low ambient temperature, causing the core body temperature to drop, causing peripheral blood vessels to constrict and causing blood pressure to rise.

●Normal life and rest, smoking cessation, weight control and emotional stability.

Take antihypertensive drugs as directed by your doctor

At present, it is believed that people with no history of cardiovascular disease or low cardiovascular risk should start drug treatment if their blood pressure exceeds 140/90mmHg; while patients who are already taking blood pressure lowering drugs, the treatment target should be 130/80mmHg.

If your blood pressure rises in winter, you can discuss with your doctor whether there is a risk of rising or falling and how to deal with it.

Cai Diyu said that for most hypertensive patients, if their blood pressure rises unstable in winter, they can choose a suitable drug from the antihypertensive drugs they are already taking, and increase the dose appropriately to control the change of blood pressure in winter. The types of drugs need to be adjusted or increased.

The most important thing is, never listen to folk remedies and solve it on your own. In outpatient clinics, patients who eventually develop stroke or kidney failure, or even need dialysis, often come back, which is often regrettable.

If the blood pressure exceeds the standard, you should discuss it with your doctor, take blood pressure-lowering drugs, and do not listen to folk prescriptions, so as to avoid blood pressure out of control; the picture is a photo of the situation, and the characters in the picture have nothing to do with this article.

(The picture is taken from the shutterstock website)

Avoid excessive tonic in winter to prevent blood pressure from soaring

Cai Diyu reminded people with high cardiovascular risk or patients whose blood pressure is not easy to control. It is best not to over-supplement in cold weather, because there may be ingredients that excite the nerves in the ingredients for tonic, or add cooking wine, especially pot. Sodium levels can be too high, which can make blood pressure less manageable.

Cai Diyu pointed out that clinically, there are some patients whose blood pressure has soared due to supplementation, and it takes several days or even weeks to adjust to normal blood pressure.

Physician Cai Diyu explained the secret of Tianleng blood pressure control.

(Provided by Jialing Health)

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• heart disease

• hypertension

• Three high patients

• antihypertensive drugs

• Sudden hypothermic death

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