Physicians reminded that eating raw or undercooked freshwater fish, frogs, snakes, chickens and ducks may lead to "jaw-stomach nematode disease", causing parasites to run around the body; the picture shows the situation.

(picture taken from freepik)

〔Health Channel/Comprehensive Report〕Recently, there is a wave of overseas trips during the annual vacation. If you travel to Southeast Asia, Li Baixian, an associate professor of gastroenterology and hepatobiliary department of Linkou Chang Gung, reminded that eating raw or undercooked freshwater fish, frogs, snakes, chickens and ducks may lead to "jaw mouth" nematode disease, which causes parasites to run around the body, and in severe cases can even lead to encephalomyelitis or blindness.

Li Baixian posted on his Facebook page "Dr.Le Li Baixian" that the genus Maxillostoma includes 12 species, at least 5 of which can cause maxillostomatosis in humans, of which Echinostomum is the most common, the parasite's " Adult worms parasitize the stomach wall of "carnivorous or omnivorous" animals such as cats, dogs, and pigs, and the eggs are excreted in the feces.

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Li Baixian pointed out that the first-stage larvae are hatched in fresh water, the second-stage larvae develop after being swallowed by copepods such as Cyclops, and the third-stage larvae develop after the infected Cyclops are fertilized by wild frogs, freshwater fish, eels, etc. Developed by swallowing and loach.

Snake chickens and ducks can also be infected after eating frogs, freshwater fish, etc., but they will not further develop into adults in the body. The parasite develops into adults in the stomach wall of carnivores or omnivores, and excretes eggs to complete its life cycle.

Li Baixian said that people may also be infected by eating infected wild frogs, freshwater fish, snakes, chickens and ducks, or applying raw snake meat or frog meat to wounds in a few areas.

Symptoms of jaw nematode disease

Li Baixian pointed out that because the third-stage larvae cannot develop into adults in the human body, they can only run around the human body in the form of third-stage larvae, most often running to the "subcutaneous tissue" and invading the trunk and upper limbs, resulting in running around The red, itchy, raised crawling rash, some may even break out due to being too close to the epidermis.

Li Baixian said that the third-stage larvae may also travel to the lungs, liver, eyes or central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) causing: visceral gnathiasis, larval migratory disease, fever, fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea, Symptoms vary depending on the affected site, and may cause coughing, chest pain, eosinophilic meningitis, encephalomyelitis, or even blindness.

Diagnosis and treatment of mandibular nematode disease

Li Baixian said that maxillostomatosis most commonly occurs in Thailand, Vietnam in Southeast Asia, Japan in Northeast Asia, and Mexico in South America. The common diagnosis methods are: larvae found in the lesion section and serum antibody diagnosis, which cannot be detected by conventional medical institutions.

According to the CDC website, only specific laboratories in Thailand and Japan can test.

The treatment of epidermal maxillostomatosis is mainly "surgical removal"; but if it occurs in internal organs, "anthelmintic" treatment can be tried.

Li Baixian reminded that parasites can be killed by heating at high temperature, or after several hours of treatment in an extremely low temperature environment below -20°C, but lemon, vinegar, onion and garlic, or pickling cannot kill parasites. Avoiding raw or undercooked freshwater fish, frogs, snakes, chickens and ducks is the safest way of prevention.

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keywords

  • parasite

  • raw food

  • freshwater fish

  • Jaw stoma

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