The presence of lung disease can affect the severity of the course of COVID-19.

With chronic lung disease, the risk of a more severe course of COVID-19, complications and death is high.

Usually, the duration of recovery after a relapse of COVID-19 in patients with chronic lung diseases requires a longer time (up to 6 months or more).

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The main factors that increase the risk of a severe course of COVID-19 in people with chronic lung diseases are: older age;

the long and progressive development of the disease with the occurrence of complications: chronic respiratory failure, secondary pulmonary hypertension, involvement of the right heart cavities and the development of right-sided heart failure.

COPD, severe asthma with persistent small airways changes, obstructive sleep apnea, diffuse pneumofibrosis, and pulmonary emphysema are associated with multiple comorbidities that further increase the risk of severe COVID-19.

There is a high risk of developing acute respiratory and acute cardiovascular failure, and in critical cases, the need to include mechanical ventilation.

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The most common and high-risk concomitant diseases are: chronic cardiovascular diseases (ischemic heart disease, rhythm disorders, chronic congestive heart failure, arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, etc.).

Therefore, the Expert Council on the medical specialty "Pneumology and Phthisiatry" recommends that people with chronic lung diseases should be vaccinated against COVID-19 as a priority.

Vaccines against COVID-19 are safe and effective in preventing the development of severe disease, complications, and adverse outcomes. 

The opinion of the Expert Council also states that before proceeding with vaccination against COVID-19, the patient should be sure that there is no worsening of lung disease, fever, initial symptoms of coronavirus or other viral infection.

In the presence of similar symptoms, the patient should consult his general practitioner.

In these cases, vaccination can be carried out after control of the chronic disease, recovery from the viral infection or at least 3 months after a relapse of COVID-19.

In addition to the vaccination against COVID-19, people with chronic lung diseases should not forget about the administration of the flu vaccine.

Influenza and COVID-19 vaccines can be administered at the same time, the only condition being that they are not administered on the same arm.

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