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The Genome Center has accelerated the development of the "small pox" test kit, which is expected to be completed in 2 weeks.
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23 May 2022 12:41
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Ramathibodi Hospital Genome Center reveals that monkeypox infected people are less likely to spread than those infected with Covid-19, and accelerate the development of monkeypox testing kits with results in 24 hours.
May 23, 2022 Fan page Center for Medical Genomics of the Center for Medical Genomics
Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital
posted a message saying
Whole-genome transcription of the monkey pox virus (MONKEYPOX) facilitates laboratory diagnostics.
and help answer the question of why there are more than 100 concurrent outbreaks of monkeypox in many countries outside Africa.
(Which is considered endemic) in Europe, the United States and Australia.
Laboratory diagnosis of monkeypox virus by whole genome transcription
The Medical Genome Center is ready to support government agencies.
They can receive specimens that have been successfully extracted from nucleic acid purification to help decode the genes.
This is to reduce the cost of screening large samples in the event of a future outbreak of the smallpox virus.
at the Medical Genome Center
A 40-location probe is being developed on the genome of the monkey pox virus.
(to prevent false positives and negatives) It takes approximately 2 weeks to develop from now on.
In the past three days, there have been reports from the WHO of lab-confirmed cases of infections.
And more than 100 suspected cases from 12 countries are Spain, Portugal, the US, Canada, Sweden, Italy, Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Australia, and Israel.
It is not yet clear why there are concurrent outbreaks of monkeypox in many countries around the world at the moment.
It has only been found that through genetic decoding the entire genome of the monkey pox virus found in Portugal and Belgium in May 2022 appears to be a strain from West Africa and closely related to the previously invasive monkey pox virus. from Nigeria to several European countries between 2018 and 2019, including the United Kingdom, Israel and Singapore.
Currently, there are vaccines and antiviral drugs that are thought to be effective for preventing and treating smallpox.
But may need to re-evaluate from the actual use today.
Monkeypox is caused by a virus with a double-stranded DNA genome, a virus that is nearly as large as a bacterium (size 281 ± 18 nm × 220 ± 17 nm). another
until they can multiply in the cytoplasm of cells like bacteria, not in the nucleus like normal viruses.
It has a much lower mutation rate than the 2019 novel coronavirus, because the virus' own enzymes are created to fix the mutation site in the genome.
The proof-reading enzyme does not cause severe infectious disease compared to the smallpox virus, which has a mortality rate of up to 30 percent.
Symptoms of monkey pox infection
People infected with monkeypox develop a fever and develop a blistering and pus-filled rash.
and later there is a scab
scar
There are two main species: the Congolese species, which is more severe - with up to 10 percent of deaths - and the West African species, which has a 1 percent death rate.
Most heal on their own.
Species with reported outbreaks in Europe, America and Australia.
Currently, genetic decoding reveals that it is a mild West African species, mainly transmitted from African rodents or wild monkeys to humans through animal bites or scratches.
touching sick animals
or eat uncooked wild animal meat.
Monkey pox is transmitted from person to person.
less contagious than COVID-19
In the case of person-to-person contact
The transmission of monkeypox is different from the 2019 novel coronavirus, which is transmitted through tiny droplets of saliva.
The leukemia virus is spread through close contact with bodily fluids such as saliva from coughing.
or water or pus will blister contaminated wounds on bedding and utensils
This means that people with monkey pox are much less likely to transmit it than people with COVID-19. Both viruses initially develop flu-like symptoms or measles, but the monkey pox virus triggers them. enlarged lymph nodes
These are distinguished from measles, chickenpox, shingles, human chickenpox, and eventually form the characteristic fluid-filled blisters on the face, hands and feet. Most people recover from smallpox within weeks without treatment.
But there may be scars on the body and face.
The genome of the monkey pox virus is composed of base sequences (A,T,G, or C) arranged alternately around 196,858 positions or letters.
phylogenetic analysis
A phylogenetic tree from the whole genome code indicates that the monkey pox virus, the 2022 outbreak in Portugal and Belgium, is from West Africa and is most closely related to the monkey pox virus transmitted from Nigeria visited several European countries between 2018 and 2019, including the United Kingdom, Israel and Singapore (Figure 2).
If suspected outbreaks of smallpox in humans occur in the country in large numbers.
Relevant agencies can "swap" the saliva or pus from the wound blister.
The genetic material is extracted (nucleic acid purification) and sent to the Medical Genome Center.
To join together to help decode the genetics.
In the early stages where PCR kits were not widely available, medical genomics centers were able to co-code genetics with long-read nanopore sequencing in "shortgun metagenomic sequencing," meaning there was no need to know if the specimen contained microbes. What type of virus is successful in 48 hours if it uses a small "chip (flow cell)" to decode its genes?
Approximately 20 samples can be decrypted per chip (Figure 3).
More than 4,000 genetic samples can be examined or decoded per chip (Figure 4). The result is a known and how many types of microbes or viruses are present in that specimen.
Most recently, the entire genome of the monkey pox virus has been successfully decrypted in Portugal and Belgium.
which the Medical Genome Center
It used the genetic code as a blueprint to create 40 monkeypox virus genome tests simultaneously to prevent false positives or negatives (unlike PCR, which detects 1-2 genomes). The test takes approximately 24 hours with the technology of “Massarray genotyping”, capable of detecting 100 samples per day (Figure 5) at lower cost than whole genome transcription.
The cost and duration of the test are not different from the PCR test used to screen for the novel coronavirus disease 2019. Genome Medical Center
Massarray genotyping is expected to be completed in approximately two weeks from now.
Hopefully there will be no outbreaks of monkey pox or monkey smallpox in Thailand.
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